0.简介
SpringBoot不仅继承了Spring框架原有的优秀特性，而且还通过简化配置来进一步简化了Spring应用的整个搭建和开发过程。在Spring-Boot项目开发中，存在着本模块的代码需要访问外面模块接口，或外部url链接的需求, 比如在apaas开发过程中需要封装接口在接口中调用apaas提供的接口（像发起流程接口submit等等）下面也是提供了三种方式（不使用dubbo的方式）供我们选择
1.方式一
/*
* @description get方式获取入参，插入数据并发起流程
* @params documentId
* @return String
*/
//
@RequestMapping("/submit/{documentId}")
public String submit1(@PathVariable String documentId) throws ParseException {
//此处将要发送的数据转换为json格式字符串
Map<String,Object> map =task2Service.getMap(documentId);
String jsonStr = JSON.toJSONString(map, SerializerFeature.WRITE_MAP_NULL_FEATURES,SerializerFeature.QuoteFieldNames);
JSONObject jsonObject = JSON.parseObject(jsonStr);
JSONObject sr = task2Service.doPost(jsonObject);
return sr.toString();
}
/*
* @description 使用原生httpClient调用外部接口
* @params date
* @return JSONObject
*/
public static JSONObject doPost(JSONObject date) {
String assessToken="eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzUxMiJ9.eyJ4ZGFwYXBwaWQiOiIzNDgxMjU4ODk2OTI2OTY1NzYiLCJleHAiOjE2NjEyMjY5MDgsImlhdCI6MTY2MTIxOTcwOCwieGRhcHRlbmFudGlkIjoiMzAwOTgxNjA1MTE0MDUyNjA5IiwieGRhcHVzZXJpZCI6IjEwMDM0NzY2MzU4MzM1OTc5NTIwMCJ9.fZAO4kJSv2rSH0RBiL1zghdko8Npmu_9ufo6Wex_TI2q9gsiLp7XaW7U9Cu7uewEOaX4DTdpbFmMPvLUtcj_sQ";
CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault();
// 要调用的接口url
String url = "http://39.103.201.110:30661 /xdap-open/open/process/v1/submit";
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);
JSONObject jsonObject = null;
try {
//创建请求体并添加数据
StringEntity s = new StringEntity(date.toString());
//此处相当于在header里头添加content-type等参数
s.setContentType("application/json");
s.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");
post.setEntity(s);
//此处相当于在Authorization里头添加Bear token参数信息
post.addHeader("Authorization", "Bearer " +assessToken);
HttpResponse res = client.execute(post);
String response1 = EntityUtils.toString(res.getEntity());
if (res.getStatusLine()
.getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
// 返回json格式：
String result = EntityUtils.toString(res.getEntity());
jsonObject = JSONObject.parseObject(result);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
return jsonObject;
}
2.方式二：使用RestTemplate方法
Spring-Boot开发中，RestTemplate同样提供了对外访问的接口API，这里主要介绍Get和Post方法的使用。
Get请求
提供了getForObject 、getForEntity两种方式，其中getForEntity如下三种方法的实现：
Get–getForEntity，存在以下两种方式重载
getForEntity(Stringurl,Class responseType,Object…urlVariables)
getForEntity(URI url,Class responseType)- Get–getForEntity(URI url,Class responseType)
//该方法使用URI对象来替代之前的url和urlVariables参数来指定访问地址和参数绑定。URI是JDK java.net包下的一个类，表示一个统一资源标识符(Uniform Resource Identifier)引用。参考如下：
RestTemplate restTemplate=new RestTemplate();
UriComponents
uriComponents=UriComponentsBuilder.fromUriString("http://USER-SERVICE/user?name={name}")
.build()
.expand("dodo")
.encode();
URI uri=uriComponents.toUri();
ResponseEntityresponseEntity=restTemplate.getForEntity(uri,String.class).getBody();
- Get–getForEntity(Stringurl,Class responseType,Object…urlVariables)
//该方法提供了三个参数，其中url为请求的地址，responseType为请求响应body的包装类型，urlVariables为url中的参数绑定，该方法的参考调用如下：
// http://USER-SERVICE/user?name={name)
RestTemplate restTemplate=new RestTemplate();
Mapparams=new HashMap<>();
params.put("name","dada"); //
ResponseEntityresponseEntity=restTemplate.getForEntity("http://USERSERVICE/user?name={name}",String.class,params);
Get–getForObject，存在以下三种方式重载
getForObject(String url,Class responseType,Object...urlVariables)
getForObject(String url,Class responseType,Map urlVariables)
getForObject(URI url,Class responseType)
getForObject方法可以理解为对getForEntity的进一步封装，它通过HttpMessageConverterExtractor对HTTP的请求响应体body内容进行对象转换，实现请求直接返回包装好的对象内容。
Post 请求
Post请求提供有postForEntity、postForObject和postForLocation三种方式，其中每种方式都有三种方法，下面介绍postForEntity的使用方法。
Post–postForEntity，存在以下三种方式重载
postForEntity(String url,Object request,Class responseType,Object... uriVariables) postForEntity(String url,Object request,Class responseType,Map uriVariables) postForEntity(URI url,Object request，Class responseType)
如下仅演示第二种重载方式
/*
* @description post方式获取入参，插入数据并发起流程
* @params
* @return
*/
@PostMapping("/submit2")
public Object insertFinanceCompensation(@RequestBody JSONObject jsonObject) {
String documentId=jsonObject.get("documentId").toString();
return task2Service.submit(documentId);
}
/*
* @description 使用restTimeplate调外部接口
* @author lyx
* @date 2022/8/24 16:02
* @params documentId
* @return String
*/
public String submit(String documentId){
String assessToken="eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzUxMiJ9.eyJ4ZGFwYXBwaWQiOiIzNDgxMjU4ODk2OTI2OTY1NzYiLCJleHAiOjE2NjEyMjY5MDgsImlhdCI6MTY2MTIxOTcwOCwieGRhcHRlbmFudGlkIjoiMzAwOTgxNjA1MTE0MDUyNjA5IiwieGRhcHVzZXJpZCI6IjEwMDM0NzY2MzU4MzM1OTc5NTIwMCJ9.fZAO4kJSv2rSH0RBiL1zghdko8Npmu_9ufo6Wex_TI2q9gsiLp7XaW7U9Cu7uewEOaX4DTdpbFmMPvLUtcj_sQ";
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
//创建请求头
HttpHeaders httpHeaders = new HttpHeaders();
//此处相当于在Authorization里头添加Bear token参数信息
httpHeaders.add(HttpHeaders.AUTHORIZATION, "Bearer " + assessToken);
//此处相当于在header里头添加content-type等参数
httpHeaders.add(HttpHeaders.CONTENT_TYPE,"application/json");
Map<String, Object> map = getMap(documentId);
String jsonStr = JSON.toJSONString(map);
//创建请求体并添加数据
HttpEntity<Map> httpEntity = new HttpEntity<Map>(map, httpHeaders);
String url = "http://39.103.201.110:30661/xdap-open/open/process/v1/submit";
ResponseEntity<String> forEntity = restTemplate.postForEntity(url,httpEntity,String.class);//此处三个参数分别是请求地址、请求体以及返回参数类型
return forEntity.toString();
}3.方式三：使用Feign
- 在maven项目中添加依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
- 启动类上加上@EnableFeignClients
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableFeignClients
@ComponentScan(basePackages = {"com.definesys.mpaas", "com.xdap.*" ,"com.xdap.*"})
public class MobilecardApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(MobilecardApplication.class, args);
}
}
此处编写接口模拟外部接口供feign调用外部接口方式使用
定义controller
@Autowired
PrintService printService;
@PostMapping("/outSide")
public String test(@RequestBody TestDto testDto) {
return printService.print(testDto);
}
定义service
@Service
public interface PrintService {
public String print(TestDto testDto);
}
定义serviceImpl
public class PrintServiceImpl implements PrintService {
@Override
public String print(TestDto testDto) {
return "模拟外部系统的接口功能"+testDto.getId();
}
}
构建Feigin的Service
定义service
//此处name需要设置不为空，url需要在.properties中设置
@Service
@FeignClient(url = "${outSide.url}", name = "service2")
public interface FeignService2 {
@RequestMapping(value = "/custom/outSide", method = RequestMethod.POST)
@ResponseBody
public String getMessage(@Valid @RequestBody TestDto testDto);
}
定义controller
@Autowired
FeignService2 feignService2;
//测试feign调用外部接口入口
@PostMapping("/test2")
public String test2(@RequestBody TestDto testDto) {
return feignService2.getMessage(testDto);
}
添加Header
将token等信息放入Feign请求头中，主要通过重写RequestInterceptor的apply方法实现
定义config
@Configuration
public class FeignConfig implements RequestInterceptor {
@Override
public void apply(RequestTemplate requestTemplate) {
//添加token
requestTemplate.header("token", "eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzUxMiJ9.eyJ4ZGFwYXBwaWQiOiIzNDgxMjU4ODk2OTI2OTY1NzYiLCJleHAiOjE2NjEyMjY5MDgsImlhdCI6MTY2MTIxOTcwOCwieGRhcHRlbmFudGlkIjoiMzAwOTgxNjA1MTE0MDUyNjA5IiwieGRhcHVzZXJpZCI6IjEwMDM0NzY2MzU4MzM1OTc5NTIwMCJ9.fZAO4kJSv2rSH0RBiL1zghdko8Npmu_9ufo6Wex_TI2q9gsiLp7XaW7U9Cu7uewEOaX4DTdpbFmMPvLUtcj_sQ");
}
}
定义service
@Service
@FeignClient(url = "${outSide.url}",name = "feignServer", configuration = FeignDemoConfig.class)
public interface TokenDemoClient {
@RequestMapping(value = "/custom/outSideAddToken", method = RequestMethod.POST)
@ResponseBody
public String getMessage(@Valid @RequestBody TestDto testDto);
}
定义controller
//测试feign调用外部接口入口，加上token
@PostMapping("/testToken")
public String test4(@RequestBody TestDto testDto) {
return tokenDemoClient.getMessage(testDto);
}
本文转载自：https://blog.csdn.net/Chelsea__/article/details/126689495